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Categories / Oracle PLSQL Tutorial / SQL Data Types
 

Using TO_CHAR() to Convert a Datetime to a String

You can use TO_CHAR(x[, format]) to convert the datetime x to a string. An example format is MONTH DD, YYYY , where: MONTH is the full name of the month in uppercase such as JANUARY DD is the two-digit day YYYY is the four-digit year SQL> -- create demo table SQL> create table Employee(   2    ID                 VARCHAR2(4 BYTE)         NOT NULL,   3    First_Name         VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),   4    Last_Name          VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),   5    Start_Date         DATE,   6    End_Date           DATE,   7    Salary             Number(8,2),   8    City               VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),   9    Description        VARCHAR2(15 BYTE)  10  )  11  / Table created. SQL> SQL> -- prepare data SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)   2               values ('01','Jason',    'Martin',  to_date('19960725','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20060725','YYYYMMDD'), 1234.56, 'Toronto',  'Programmer')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)   2                values('02','Alison',   'Mathews', to_date('19760321','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19860221','YYYYMMDD'), 6661.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)   2                values('03','James',    'Smith',   to_date('19781212','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19900315','YYYYMMDD'), 6544.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)   2                values('04','Celia',    'Rice',    to_date('19821024','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19990421','YYYYMMDD'), 2344.78, 'Vancouver','Manager')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary,  City,       Description)   2                values('05','Robert',   'Black',   to_date('19840115','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980808','YYYYMMDD'), 2334.78, 'Vancouver','Tester')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)   2                values('06','Linda',    'Green',   to_date('19870730','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19960104','YYYYMMDD'), 4322.78,'New York',  'Tester')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)   2                values('07','David',    'Larry',   to_date('19901231','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('19980212','YYYYMMDD'), 7897.78,'New York',  'Manager')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> insert into Employee(ID,  First_Name, Last_Name, Start_Date,                     End_Date,                       Salary, City,        Description)   2                values('08','James',    'Cat',     to_date('19960917','YYYYMMDD'), to_date('20020415','YYYYMMDD'), 1232.78,'Vancouver', 'Tester')   3  / 1 row created. SQL> SQL> -- display data in the table SQL> select * from Employee   2  / ID   FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME  START_DAT END_DATE      SALARY CITY       DESCRIPTION ---- ---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------- ---------- --------------- 01   Jason      Martin     25-JUL-96 25-JUL-06    1234.56 Toronto    Programmer 02   Alison     Mathews    21-MAR-76 21-FEB-86    6661.78 Vancouver  Tester 03   James      Smith      12-DEC-78 15-MAR-90    6544.78 Vancouver  Tester 04   Celia      Rice       24-OCT-82 21-APR-99    2344.78 Vancouver  Manager 05   Robert     Black      15-JAN-84 08-AUG-98    2334.78 Vancouver  Tester 06   Linda      Green      30-JUL-87 04-JAN-96    4322.78 New York   Tester 07   David      Larry      31-DEC-90 12-FEB-98    7897.78 New York   Manager 08   James      Cat        17-SEP-96 15-APR-02    1232.78 Vancouver  Tester 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> SELECT id, TO_CHAR(start_date, 'MONTH DD, YYYY')   2  FROM employee; ID   TO_CHAR(START_DATE ---- ------------------ 01   JULY      25, 1996 02   MARCH     21, 1976 03   DECEMBER  12, 1978 04   OCTOBER   24, 1982 05   JANUARY   15, 1984 06   JULY      30, 1987 07   DECEMBER  31, 1990 08   SEPTEMBER 17, 1996 8 rows selected. SQL> SQL> -- clean the table SQL> drop table Employee   2  / Table dropped. SQL>