Mega Code Archive
Request parsing and encoding utility methods
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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TimeZone;
/**
* General purpose request parsing and encoding utility methods.
*
* @author Craig R. McClanahan
* @author Tim Tye
* @version $Revision: 901 $ $Date: 2009-01-15 16:49:36 +0100 (Thu, 15 Jan 2009) $
*/
public final class RequestUtil {
/**
* The DateFormat to use for generating readable dates in cookies.
*/
private static SimpleDateFormat format =
new SimpleDateFormat(" EEEE, dd-MMM-yy kk:mm:ss zz");
static {
format.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT"));
}
/**
* Filter the specified message string for characters that are sensitive
* in HTML. This avoids potential attacks caused by including JavaScript
* codes in the request URL that is often reported in error messages.
*
* @param message The message string to be filtered
*/
public static String filter(String message) {
if (message == null)
return (null);
char content[] = new char[message.length()];
message.getChars(0, message.length(), content, 0);
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(content.length + 50);
for (int i = 0; i < content.length; i++) {
switch (content[i]) {
case '<':
result.append("<");
break;
case '>':
result.append(">");
break;
case '&':
result.append("&");
break;
case '"':
result.append(""");
break;
default:
result.append(content[i]);
}
}
return (result.toString());
}
/**
* Normalize a relative URI path that may have relative values ("/./",
* "/../", and so on ) it it. <strong>WARNING</strong> - This method is
* useful only for normalizing application-generated paths. It does not
* try to perform security checks for malicious input.
*
* @param path Relative path to be normalized
*/
public static String normalize(String path) {
return normalize(path, true);
}
/**
* Normalize a relative URI path that may have relative values ("/./",
* "/../", and so on ) it it. <strong>WARNING</strong> - This method is
* useful only for normalizing application-generated paths. It does not
* try to perform security checks for malicious input.
*
* @param path Relative path to be normalized
* @param replaceBackSlash Should '\\' be replaced with '/'
*/
public static String normalize(String path, boolean replaceBackSlash) {
if (path == null)
return null;
// Create a place for the normalized path
String normalized = path;
if (replaceBackSlash && normalized.indexOf('\\') >= 0)
normalized = normalized.replace('\\', '/');
if (normalized.equals("/."))
return "/";
// Add a leading "/" if necessary
if (!normalized.startsWith("/"))
normalized = "/" + normalized;
// Resolve occurrences of "//" in the normalized path
while (true) {
int index = normalized.indexOf("//");
if (index < 0)
break;
normalized = normalized.substring(0, index) +
normalized.substring(index + 1);
}
// Resolve occurrences of "/./" in the normalized path
while (true) {
int index = normalized.indexOf("/./");
if (index < 0)
break;
normalized = normalized.substring(0, index) +
normalized.substring(index + 2);
}
// Resolve occurrences of "/../" in the normalized path
while (true) {
int index = normalized.indexOf("/../");
if (index < 0)
break;
if (index == 0)
return (null); // Trying to go outside our context
int index2 = normalized.lastIndexOf('/', index - 1);
normalized = normalized.substring(0, index2) +
normalized.substring(index + 3);
}
// Return the normalized path that we have completed
return (normalized);
}
/**
* Append request parameters from the specified String to the specified
* Map. It is presumed that the specified Map is not accessed from any
* other thread, so no synchronization is performed.
* <p>
* <strong>IMPLEMENTATION NOTE</strong>: URL decoding is performed
* individually on the parsed name and value elements, rather than on
* the entire query string ahead of time, to properly deal with the case
* where the name or value includes an encoded "=" or "&" character
* that would otherwise be interpreted as a delimiter.
*
* @param map Map that accumulates the resulting parameters
* @param data Input string containing request parameters
*
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if the data is malformed
*/
public static void parseParameters(Map map, String data, String encoding)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if ((data != null) && (data.length() > 0)) {
// use the specified encoding to extract bytes out of the
// given string so that the encoding is not lost. If an
// encoding is not specified, let it use platform default
byte[] bytes = null;
try {
if (encoding == null) {
bytes = data.getBytes();
} else {
bytes = data.getBytes(encoding);
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException uee) {
}
parseParameters(map, bytes, encoding);
}
}
/**
* Decode and return the specified URL-encoded String.
* When the byte array is converted to a string, the system default
* character encoding is used... This may be different than some other
* servers. It is assumed the string is not a query string.
*
* @param str The url-encoded string
*
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if a '%' character is not followed
* by a valid 2-digit hexadecimal number
*/
public static String URLDecode(String str) {
return URLDecode(str, null);
}
/**
* Decode and return the specified URL-encoded String. It is assumed the
* string is not a query string.
*
* @param str The url-encoded string
* @param enc The encoding to use; if null, the default encoding is used
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if a '%' character is not followed
* by a valid 2-digit hexadecimal number
*/
public static String URLDecode(String str, String enc) {
return URLDecode(str, enc, false);
}
/**
* Decode and return the specified URL-encoded String.
*
* @param str The url-encoded string
* @param enc The encoding to use; if null, the default encoding is used
* @param isQuery Is this a query string being processed
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if a '%' character is not followed
* by a valid 2-digit hexadecimal number
*/
public static String URLDecode(String str, String enc, boolean isQuery) {
if (str == null)
return (null);
// use the specified encoding to extract bytes out of the
// given string so that the encoding is not lost. If an
// encoding is not specified, let it use platform default
byte[] bytes = null;
try {
if (enc == null) {
bytes = str.getBytes();
} else {
bytes = str.getBytes(enc);
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException uee) {}
return URLDecode(bytes, enc, isQuery);
}
/**
* Decode and return the specified URL-encoded byte array.
*
* @param bytes The url-encoded byte array
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if a '%' character is not followed
* by a valid 2-digit hexadecimal number
*/
public static String URLDecode(byte[] bytes) {
return URLDecode(bytes, null);
}
/**
* Decode and return the specified URL-encoded byte array.
*
* @param bytes The url-encoded byte array
* @param enc The encoding to use; if null, the default encoding is used
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if a '%' character is not followed
* by a valid 2-digit hexadecimal number
*/
public static String URLDecode(byte[] bytes, String enc) {
return URLDecode(bytes, null, false);
}
/**
* Decode and return the specified URL-encoded byte array.
*
* @param bytes The url-encoded byte array
* @param enc The encoding to use; if null, the default encoding is used
* @param isQuery Is this a query string being processed
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if a '%' character is not followed
* by a valid 2-digit hexadecimal number
*/
public static String URLDecode(byte[] bytes, String enc, boolean isQuery) {
if (bytes == null)
return (null);
int len = bytes.length;
int ix = 0;
int ox = 0;
while (ix < len) {
byte b = bytes[ix++]; // Get byte to test
if (b == '+' && isQuery) {
b = (byte)' ';
} else if (b == '%') {
b = (byte) ((convertHexDigit(bytes[ix++]) << 4)
+ convertHexDigit(bytes[ix++]));
}
bytes[ox++] = b;
}
if (enc != null) {
try {
return new String(bytes, 0, ox, enc);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return new String(bytes, 0, ox);
}
/**
* Convert a byte character value to hexidecimal digit value.
*
* @param b the character value byte
*/
private static byte convertHexDigit( byte b ) {
if ((b >= '0') && (b <= '9')) return (byte)(b - '0');
if ((b >= 'a') && (b <= 'f')) return (byte)(b - 'a' + 10);
if ((b >= 'A') && (b <= 'F')) return (byte)(b - 'A' + 10);
return 0;
}
/**
* Put name and value pair in map. When name already exist, add value
* to array of values.
*
* @param map The map to populate
* @param name The parameter name
* @param value The parameter value
*/
private static void putMapEntry( Map map, String name, String value) {
String[] newValues = null;
String[] oldValues = (String[]) map.get(name);
if (oldValues == null) {
newValues = new String[1];
newValues[0] = value;
} else {
newValues = new String[oldValues.length + 1];
System.arraycopy(oldValues, 0, newValues, 0, oldValues.length);
newValues[oldValues.length] = value;
}
map.put(name, newValues);
}
/**
* Append request parameters from the specified String to the specified
* Map. It is presumed that the specified Map is not accessed from any
* other thread, so no synchronization is performed.
* <p>
* <strong>IMPLEMENTATION NOTE</strong>: URL decoding is performed
* individually on the parsed name and value elements, rather than on
* the entire query string ahead of time, to properly deal with the case
* where the name or value includes an encoded "=" or "&" character
* that would otherwise be interpreted as a delimiter.
*
* NOTE: byte array data is modified by this method. Caller beware.
*
* @param map Map that accumulates the resulting parameters
* @param data Input string containing request parameters
* @param encoding Encoding to use for converting hex
*
* @exception UnsupportedEncodingException if the data is malformed
*/
public static void parseParameters(Map map, byte[] data, String encoding)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (data != null && data.length > 0) {
int ix = 0;
int ox = 0;
String key = null;
String value = null;
while (ix < data.length) {
byte c = data[ix++];
switch ((char) c) {
case '&':
value = new String(data, 0, ox, encoding);
if (key != null) {
putMapEntry(map, key, value);
key = null;
}
ox = 0;
break;
case '=':
if (key == null) {
key = new String(data, 0, ox, encoding);
ox = 0;
} else {
data[ox++] = c;
}
break;
case '+':
data[ox++] = (byte)' ';
break;
case '%':
data[ox++] = (byte)((convertHexDigit(data[ix++]) << 4)
+ convertHexDigit(data[ix++]));
break;
default:
data[ox++] = c;
}
}
//The last value does not end in '&'. So save it now.
if (key != null) {
value = new String(data, 0, ox, encoding);
putMapEntry(map, key, value);
}
}
}
}
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