Mega Code Archive
Casenotes
<![CDATA[
CHARACTERS IN THE 'NORMAL' ASCII RANGE (0 TO 127) AND THE
'EXTENDED' ASCII RANGE (128 TO 255) THAT CAN BE 'UPPERCASED'...
97 a 98 b 99 c 100 d 101 e
102 f 103 g 104 h 105 I 106 j
107 k 108 l 109 m 110 n 111 o
112 p 113 q 114 r 115 s 116 t
117 u 118 v 119 w 120 x 121 y
122 z
Note that:
65 A 66 B 67 C 68 D 69 E
70 F 71 G 72 H 73 I 74 J
75 K 76 L 77 M 78 N 79 O
80 P 81 Q 82 R 83 S 84 T
85 U 86 V 87 W 88 X 89 Y
90 Z
so that if one is 'uppercasing', then a at 97 goes to A at 65, and z at 122
goes to Z at 90. The moral of this is that in order to convert lowercase to
uppercase, FOR ALL CHARS IN THE RANGE 97 TO 122 INCLUSIVE, subtract 32.
and in the extended range, the following characters have both lowercase and
uppercase versions:
224 à 225 á 226 â 227 ã 228 ä 229 å 230 æ 231 ç
232 è 233 é 234 ê 235 ë 236 ì 237 í 238 î 239 ï
240 ğ 241 ñ 242 ò 243 ó 244 ô 245 õ 246 ö 247 ÷
248 ø 249 ù 250 ú 251 û 252 ü 253 ı
where all of those characters can be uppercased to the following:
192 À 193 Á 194 Â 195 Ã 196 Ä 197 Å 198 Æ 199 Ç
200 È 201 É 202 Ê 203 Ë 204 Ì 205 Í 206 Î 207 Ï
208 Ğ 209 Ñ 210 Ò 211 Ó 212 Ô 213 Õ 214 Ö 215 ×
216 Ø 217 Ù 218 Ú 219 Û 220 Ü 221 İ
so that à at 224 goes to À at 192, and ı at 253 goes to İ at 221. The moral of
this is that in order to convert lowercase to uppercase in the 'extended' range,
FOR ALL CHARS IN THE RANGE 224 TO 253 INCLUSIVE, subtract 32.
That's nae sae bad, is it?
The following characters are VISIBLE characters: (ASCII range 33 to 126)
! "
# $ % & '
( ) * + ,
- . / 0 1
2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 : ;
< = > ? @
A B C D E
F G H I J
K L M N O
P Q R S T
U V W X Y
Z [ \ ] ^
_ ` a b c
d e f g h
I j k l m
n o p q r
s t u v w
x y z { |
} ~
Along with ('extended' ASCII characters):
145 ' 146 ' 147 " 148 " 149 o 150 - 151 -
161 ¡ 162 ¢ 163 £ 164 ¤ 165 ¥ 166 ¦ 167 §
168 ¨ 169 © 170 ª 171 «
173 174 ®
176 ° 177 ± 178 ² 179 ³ 180 ´ 181 µ
183 ·
184 ¸ 185 ¹ 186 º 187 » 188 ¼ 189 ½ 190 ¾ 191 ¿
192 À 193 Á 194 Â 195 Ã 196 Ä 197 Å 198 Æ 199 Ç
200 È 201 É 202 Ê 203 Ë 204 Ì 205 Í 206 Î 207 Ï
208 Ğ 209 Ñ 210 Ò 211 Ó 212 Ô 213 Õ 214 Ö 215 ×
216 Ø 217 Ù 218 Ú 219 Û 220 Ü 221 İ 222 Ş 223 ß
224 à 225 á 226 â 227 ã 228 ä 229 å 230 æ 231 ç
232 è 233 é 234 ê 235 ë 236 ì 237 í 238 î 239 ï
240 ğ 241 ñ 242 ò 243 ó 244 ô 245 õ 246 ö 247 ÷
248 ø 249 ù 250 ú 251 û 252 ü 253 ı 254 ş 255 ÿ
(Notice the GAPS...)
So visible characters in the extended range are as follows:
145 to 151
161 to 171
173 to 174
176 to 181
183 to 255
AND (final re-iteration)
the sum of ALL visible characters in the range 0 to 255 is
33 to 126
145 to 151
161 to 171
173 to 174
176 to 181
183 to 255
]]>